{"id":462,"date":"2019-04-11T10:55:07","date_gmt":"2019-04-11T08:55:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mashreq-maghreb.sorbonne-universite.fr\/?page_id=462"},"modified":"2019-10-10T11:55:59","modified_gmt":"2019-10-10T09:55:59","slug":"forme-architecturale","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mashreq-maghreb.sorbonne-universite.fr\/?page_id=462","title":{"rendered":"Ouvertures"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"462\" class=\"elementor elementor-462\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a07be9a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a07be9a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-949dc90\" data-id=\"949dc90\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03abe86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"03abe86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3841\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3841\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Baie<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3841\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3841\"><p><u>Etymologie <\/u>: Vient du vieux fran\u00e7ais : bayer, <i>b\u00e9er <\/i>du latin <i>batare <\/i>: \u00eatre ouvert.<\/p><p><u>Termes en usage dans le monde islamique<\/u> : <i>N\u00e2fidha <\/i>est d&#8217;emploi moderne ; <i>haniya<\/i> peut-\u00eatre ;<\/p><p><u>D\u00e9finition <\/u>: La baie est un terme g\u00e9n\u00e9rique recoupant d\u00e9signant toute ouverture non ferm\u00e9e par une vitre (la fen\u00eatre), un claustra ou un moucharabieh. Si l&rsquo;ouverture est rectangulaire, la partie haute se nomme linteau ou plate-bande sinon elle est surmont\u00e9e d&rsquo;un arc. La partie inf\u00e9rieure se nomme seuil (pour une porte) ou all\u00e8ge, appui pour une baie en hauteur. Les c\u00f4t\u00e9s se nommes montants, pi\u00e9droits, jambages, postes ou dosserets. Un \u00ab\u00a0jour\u00a0\u00bb est une petite baie plac\u00e9e en haut du mur d&rsquo;enceinte des b\u00e2timents et ouvrant sur une pi\u00e8ce pour permettre \u00e0 celle-ci de recevoir un compl\u00e9menbt d&rsquo;\u00e9clairage et de ventilation.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3842\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3842\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Tr\u00e8fle<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3842\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3842\"><p>Cliquez sur le bouton modifier pour changer ce texte. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3843\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3843\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Fen\u00eatre<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3843\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3843\"><p><u>\u00c9tymologie <\/u>: Vient du latin fenestra.<\/p><p><u>D\u00e9finitions <\/u>: La fen\u00eatre est souvent employ\u00e9e au moyen \u00e2ge occidental pour d\u00e9finir une baie dispos\u00e9e en hauteur. Pour la distinguer de celle-ci nous retiendrons la pr\u00e9sence de vitres. Distinction pr\u00e9sente dans des ouvrages et dictionnaires d\u2019architecture moderne. Les vitres se rencontrent dans nombre de monuments islamiques m\u00e9di\u00e9vaux dot\u00e9s initialement de vitraux.<\/p><p><u>Variantes <\/u>:fen\u00eatre bris\u00e9e ; fen\u00eatre plein cintre; fen\u00eatre quadrangulaire ; rosace<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3844\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3844\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Oculus<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3844\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3844\"><ul><li><strong>\u00c9tymologie<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>Vient du latin signifiant <em>\u0153il.<\/em><\/p><ul><li><b>D\u00e9finitions<\/b><\/li><\/ul><p>Petite ouverture de forme circulaire, ovale, polygonale, polylob\u00e9e ou \u00e9toil\u00e9e en hauteur pour donner du jour ou de l\u2019air.<\/p><ul><li><strong>Variantes\u00a0<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>oculus circulaire ; oculus \u00e9toil\u00e9 ; oculus polygonal ; oculus polylob\u00e9<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3845\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3845\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Claustra<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3845\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3845\"><p>Contenu de bascule<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3846\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3846\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Moucharabieh<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3846\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3846\"><p>Contenu de bascule<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3847\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3847\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Logette<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3847\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3847\"><p>Contenu de bascule<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3848\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3848\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Niche<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3848\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3848\"><p>Contenu de bascule<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3849\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"9\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3849\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Arcade<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3849\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"9\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3849\"><p>Contenu de bascule<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-38410\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"10\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-38410\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Arche<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-38410\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"10\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-38410\"><p>Contenu de bascule<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-38411\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"11\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-38411\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Portail<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-38411\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"11\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-38411\"><p>Contenu de bascule<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-38412\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"12\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-38412\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fa fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Porte<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-38412\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"12\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-38412\"><p>Contenu de bascule<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ce11c46 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ce11c46\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-443c95f\" data-id=\"443c95f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Baie Etymologie : Vient du vieux fran\u00e7ais : bayer, b\u00e9er du latin batare : \u00eatre ouvert. Termes en usage dans le monde islamique : N\u00e2fidha est d&#8217;emploi moderne ; haniya peut-\u00eatre ; D\u00e9finition : La baie est un terme g\u00e9n\u00e9rique recoupant d\u00e9signant toute ouverture non ferm\u00e9e par une vitre (la fen\u00eatre), un claustra ou un moucharabieh. Si l&rsquo;ouverture est rectangulaire, la partie haute se nomme linteau ou plate-bande sinon elle est surmont\u00e9e d&rsquo;un arc. La partie inf\u00e9rieure se nomme seuil (pour une porte) ou all\u00e8ge, appui pour une baie en hauteur. Les c\u00f4t\u00e9s se nommes montants, pi\u00e9droits, jambages, postes ou\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"sfsi_plus_gutenberg_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_show_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_type":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_alignemt":"","sfsi_plus_gutenburg_max_per_row":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-462","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mashreq-maghreb.sorbonne-universite.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/462","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mashreq-maghreb.sorbonne-universite.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mashreq-maghreb.sorbonne-universite.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mashreq-maghreb.sorbonne-universite.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mashreq-maghreb.sorbonne-universite.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=462"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/mashreq-maghreb.sorbonne-universite.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/462\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":622,"href":"https:\/\/mashreq-maghreb.sorbonne-universite.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/462\/revisions\/622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mashreq-maghreb.sorbonne-universite.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=462"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}